Management of land use of agricultural enterprises in wartime conditions: innovative trends
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51599/is.2023.07.04.10Keywords:
management, agricultural enterprises, land resources, land use, innovative management, innovative trends, strategic planning, proactive position, martial law, monitoring.Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to assess current trends in land use of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine during the war and to develop ways to improve it using innovative management approaches.
Results. The study allows us to conclude that since the beginning of the full-scale war in Ukraine, mainly agribusiness have lost land areas, which has significantly affected both the production and export potential of the national economy. Research in the regional context shows that the largest reductions and losses of sown areas of agricultural enterprises took place in Kherson, Zaporizhzhia, Donetsk, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv, Chernihiv and Luhansk regions. It was found that due to the occupation and the high risk of doing business in some regions, some agricultural enterprises moved to relatively safer western regions, which leads to a local shortage of resources and a lack of storage and processing capacity. In 2022, compared to 2021, there was a decrease in the sown areas of almost all crops in agricultural enterprises, but sowing of winter wheat, corn, sunflower, winter barley, spring barley, and legume demonstrated the most dramatic absolute change. At the same time, the area under four crops increased: buckwheat, soybeans, winter rape, and spring wheat. This change is due to the fact that oilseeds are becoming more attractive for cultivation due to developed domestic processing, lower physical yields compared to grain crops, higher prices and, accordingly, a smaller share of logistics costs for their export. In 2022, the key crops grown by Ukrainian agricultural enterprises were sunflower – 27.7 % of the sown area, winter wheat – 24.2 %, corn – 20.9 %, soybeans – 8.5 %, winter rapeseed – 7.1 % and barley (winter and spring) – 5.3 %, accounting for 93.7 % of the sown area. A factor analysis of the gross harvest of major crops shows that a decrease in the area under crops is a key factor in the decline in crop production in 2022 compared to 2021, i.e. the influence of the extensive factor of production prevails.
Scientific novelty. It is found that innovative management of land use of an agricultural enterprise is a system of interrelated dynamic components and innovative processes that are complementary, which, under the influence of subjective and objective conditions, should ensure an increase in the return on land resources and expanded reproduction of the resource. Innovative land use management includes the following components: strategic planning and proactive market position; technological re-equipment of production; staff development; motivation of innovative labour at all levels of management; investments in soil fertility; and environmental awareness. At the same time, all components of land management require constant monitoring for flexible and prompt adjustment of management actions and informed decision-making. The result of innovative management is systemic innovative changes at all stages and levels of agricultural enterprises.
Practical value. Based on the study, it is proposed that agricultural enterprises change the traditional scheme of land use management to innovative one. When implementing innovative land use management, it is necessary to take into account the trends in innovative agricultural development, which ensure the realisation of land potential and increase the efficiency of land use for agricultural enterprises of Ukraine, as well as contribute to the competitiveness of agriculture.
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